In physics, the AdS/CFT correspondence is the equivalence between a string theory or supergravity defined on some sort of Anti de Sitter space and a conformal field theory defined on its boundary whose dimension is lower by one. It is the most successfully tested realization of the holographic principle, a speculative idea about quantum gravity originally proposed by Gerard 't Hooft and improved and promoted by Leonard Susskind.
The AdS/CFT correspondence was originally proposed by Juan Maldacena in late 1997, and some of its technical properties were soon clarified in an article by Edward Witten and another article by Gubser, Klebanov, and Polyakov. In about five years, Maldacena's article had 3000 citations and became one of the most obvious conceptual breakthroughs in theoretical physics of the 1990s.
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